FMC / MCDU /FMGS
本帖最后由 forestgun 于 2016-2-20 14:43 编辑在X-Plane.org中看到一篇帖子，介绍了MCDU / FMC / FMGC / FMGS概念区别，转载一下。
原文链接及摘录如下，我自己做了一下简单翻译，如有不准确或错误之处，请各位前辈指正。
http://forums.x-plane.org/index.php?showtopic=89814
The MCDU refers to the physical input device in the cockpit. Airbus cockpits refer to it as a Multifunction Control Display Unit, while Boeing aircraft typically have one Master Control Display Unit and 1-2 other Control Display Units. The MCDU is not just the Airbus terminology for an FMGC, as many people vehemently argue; both Airbus and Boeing aircraft have both of them. I'm not really sure where this mismatching of these terms specifically first comes from, though - perhaps a famous YouTuber or something else along those lines.
MCDU是指驾驶仓内的物理输入设备，空客把它称作“多功能控制显示单元”（Multifunction Control Display Unit）；而波音公司则一般包含了1个主控制显示单元（Master Control Display Unit）和1～2个其它控制显示单元。MCDU不是空客对FMGC的特有名称，空客和波音的飞机都有MCDU。
The FMGC (Flight Management & Guidance Computer, often shortened to just FMC) is the "brains" of the aircraft. This takes data entered with the MCDU and computes all necessary values, then transmits them back to the MCDU so you can see your fuel predictions or ETA. It also transmits to the rest of the aircraft, which brings us to our next term.
FMGC（Flight Management & Guidance Computer，也缩写为FMC）是飞行管理和飞行导航计算机的缩写，是飞机的“大脑”。FMGC从MCDU输入获得数据，计算所有需要的数值，然后将这些数值传输回MCDU显示，例如航油预估等。它同时也将数据传输给飞机上的其它飞行部件。
The FMGS (often shortened to just FMS) is not just another word for the FMGC. Rather, it encompasses everything that the pilots use to navigate and control the aircraft - the autopilot, autothrottle, any Inertial Reference Units equipped, GNSS, fly-by-wire (if equipped), and of course the FMGC itself. By this definition, you could argue that something like a 737 Original or 727 would have an FMGS, and in that respect you're absolutely correct, albeit less advanced than modern aircraft.
FMGS（Flight Management & Guidance System，也缩写为FMS）是指飞行管理和飞行导航系统，它不是FMGC的另外一个称呼，而是指飞机上所有辅助飞行员飞行的设备总称，包括自动驾驶仪，自动油门，惯性参考单元（Inertial Reference Units），GNSS，Fly-bywire以及FMGC本身。
Flight Management & Guidance System (FMGS), as installed on Airbus Single-Aisle Family (A318/319/320/321), provides Flight Management (FM) and Flight Guidance (FG) functions.
空客 A318/319/320/321上安装的FMGS系统是用于飞行管理和飞行引导功能。
The main FM functions are:飞行管理功能包括：
− Navigation,——导航
− Flight planning,——飞行计划
− Performance prediction and optimization,——性能评估和优化
− Provision of information to cockpit displays (MCDU, ND, PFD)——信息显示
− Auto-tuning of navaids.——导航信息自动调适
The main FG functions are:飞行引导功能包括：
− Flight Director (FD),——飞行指导
− Auto Pilot (A/P),——自动驾驶
− Auto thrust (A/THR) commands.——自动油门命令
In addition, the total system provides fault isolation and detection.
整套系统还提供故障隔离和检测功能。
The FMGS consists of the following components:FMGS包含以下组建
− 2 Flight Management & Guidance Computers (FMGC), in avionics compartment,2个FMGC计算机
− 2 Multipurpose Control & Display Units (MCDU), at sides of forward pedestal, 2个MCDU
− 1 Flight Control Unit (FCU), on glare-shield,1个飞行控制单元FCU
− 2 Flight Augmentation Computers (FAC), in avionics compartment.2个飞行增稳计算机
这个转帖不错，分析的很好,感谢分享 科普贴，好评！ 非常適合對英文頭疼的人學習!!就是本人啦!!!謝謝!! 学习了~
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