中国民航管制员ICAO4等级考试最新OPI试题
OPI 1
1. How long have you been working as an air traffic controller?
你作为一名管制员工作多长时间了？
I have working as an air traffic controller about fourteen years, I am a Tower controller with this unit.
2. Are you proud of yourself as a controller? Why?
你作为一名管制员感到自豪吗？为什么？
Yes, I am proud. Because I think our work is an honorable work, we make sure the safety of the people`s life and the property.
3.Could you give a general introduction of the area/or airspace under your control?
你能对你指挥下的区域或空间做一个简单的介绍吗？
I`m a tower controller, in my control area,there are three corridors, one is from BeiJing, two is from ShangHai, three is from Haerbin.
Let’s talk about missed approach
4. Have you ever controlled a flight which made a missed approach?
你曾经指挥过做复飞的飞机吗？
Yes,I have controlled，a flight not land on the runway and made a missed approach due the runway occupied by unknown vehicle.
5. What reasons do you think may cause a missed approach?
你认为什么原因能导致一起复飞？
For example:poor visibility,too close to preceding aircraft,strong cross wind,runway occupied by unknown vehicle or aircraft,landing gear problem.
6. What help do you think the pilots may need when executing missed approach?
当执行复飞时，你觉得飞行员都需要什么帮助？
Control the aircraft climb to the safety altitude and the other aircraft on the runway not departure,control the aircraft again approach or other situation according to pilot decision.
7. Do you think the standard procedures for missed approach can provide convenience both for the pilots and controllers?
你觉得标准的复飞程序能提供给飞行员和管制员什么便利？
Yes,the standard procedures for missed approach can make the pilots and controllers know what situation should missed approach and convenience controllers and pilots operation.
8. How could a missed approach influence ATC work?
复飞如何影响空管工作？
Missed aproach can make the ATC work more business than normal situation and influence other aircraft landing and departure.
9.Do you think it is necessary to make a missed approach for flight safety under certain situations?
你认为在某个已确定位置复飞对飞行安全是必要的吗？
Yes,I think it is necessary.Because if low the certain situation make a missed approach may cause this aircraft dangerous.
The following questions are about airmiss
10. Have you ever experienced airmiss in your work? If yes, please share the story with me; if no, have you heard any of that?
你曾经在你工作中见过空中危险接近吗？如果见过，请和我分享这个故事，如果没有，说一说你所听到的？
No.I am not experience,but I have heared.The air force aircraft near the same altitude passenger aircraft low the minimum safey separation and cause the passenger aircraft change level and heading to avoid.
11. What reasons may cause an airmiss?
什么原因导致空中危险接近？
Controller instruction mistake,pilot operation mistake,unknown traffic approach the aircraft,instrument problem cause emergency descend and other reasons.
12. What are some of the separation limits in your control unit?
在你的管制单位里，间隔限制都有什么？
Radar control : the same level 40 kilometers ,same direction cross 15 kilometers,opposite direction cross 40 kilometres. Procedure control is 10 minutes.
13. If the separation limits between two aircraft is going to be exceeded, what will you do?
如果两架飞机小于间隔，你将怎么做？
I should change heading, change altitude, make orbit or other method to again established the minimum safe separation.
14. What do you think are some of the consequences of an airmiss?
你认为危险接近的后果有哪些？
An airmiss may cause this two aircrafts separation low the minimum safety separation and cause aircraft TCAS alert or collision with other aircraft on air and it may increase controllers working pressure.
15. Can you suggest some good ways to avoid or prevent airmiss effectively?
你能建议一些好办法去避免或阻止危险接近的发生吗？
Controllers instruction must be carefully,correct and observe other flights and unknown traffic fly direction by radar. Pilot should repeat and operation correct.
OPI 2
1. Which ATC unit do you work in? 你在那个空管部门工作？
I am a Tower controller, I`m work at ShenYang Tower.
2. What’ your position now and what’s the main responsibility of your position?
现在你在什么岗位？你的岗位最重要的职责是什么？
I am a instructor and I help the new controller progress.
3.Have you ever received some training related to air traffic control recently? Could you say something about that?
最近你们经常受到和空管有关系的一些培训是什么？你能谈谈吗？
Yes, I have. I have received the radar simulation training.
Let’s talk about abnormal situations
4. What kind of abnormal situations have you ever experienced in the past?
过去，什么类型的不正常情况是你经历过的？
Radar failure,communication failure,TCAS and instrument failure,engine failure,bird strike cause windshield problem,pressurization failure and decompression.
5. According to your understanding, what are the main principles when dealing with abnormal situations?
就你的理解，当不正常情况发生时，什么是最主要的准则？
I think we must keep calm when talk with pilot through the transmitter,make sure unstand the nature of emergency and pilot intention,maintain safety separation,give pilot sufficient time and maximunm support to work on their problem.
6. What personality should an air traffic controller have when dealing with abnormal or emergency situations?
当不正常情况或紧急情况发生时，作为一名空管员应具备什么样的品质？
An air traffic controller should talk with pilot keep calm,support message and information to pilot and have a cool head when dealing with emergency situation.
7. Do you have standard procedures for abnormal or emergency situations in your control unit? Could you please give an example? 在你的管制部门，有标准程序应对不正常或紧急事件吗？你能给举个例子吗？
Yes,we have.When radar failure we should advise aircraft radar failure and resume procedure control,establish procedure separation;report to radar maintance man and leader;advise other control units radar failure and make the aircraft wait in their area according to radar failure procedure.
8.Have you ever had trouble in communicating with foreign pilots when dealing with abnormal situations? If yes, how did you overcome the trouble to ensure flight safety?
当不正常情况发生时，你感觉和国外机组通话有难度吗？如果是，你怎样战胜困难来确保飞行安全？
Yes,I think have , we do not fully understand foreign pilots means when they encounter emergency situation because they speak so fast and not use standard communication sometimes.We should use standard communication and frequently study English,listening foreign radio and watching foreign film improve my English ability.
9.Assume the flight crew report that one passenger onboard had a heart attack, how do you handle the situation when you are on duty?
当你值班的时候，机组报告一位乘客的心脏病发作了，你应该如何处理？
I should according to pilot intention control this flight priority landing or alternative to the nearest airport ,coordinate airforce make this flight direct to landing airport to save time,control other flight avoid and call ambulance wait at landing airport.
Now, let’s change to the topic related to flow control
10. What reasons may cause flow control?
什么原因能导致流控？
Bad weather for landing airport,airforce traffic,expect so many flights into the area in the future time.
11. Do you think it is necessary to impose flow control?
你认为利用流控的原因是什么？
Yes,I think it is necessary.The flow control can reduce the controllers pressure,reduce the route congestion and more safety than no flow control.
12. What consequences does flow control bring to controllers, airline companies, pilots and passengers respectively?
流控给空管，航空公司，机组和旅客带来的后果分别是什么？
Flow control can reduce the controllers pressure;increase airline companies cost when waiting for long time at the airport;increase pilots fly time even over the company rule time;increase passengers waiting time even not catch up with the next flight.
13. Who is responsible for making a decision to control traffic flow?
谁负责做出一个决定来控制交通流量?
The control unit director responsible for decision to control traffic floe according to the traffic flow expecting system and report leader whether approved issue the control traffic flow.
14. What factors should be taken into consideration when making a decision to control traffic flow?
当做了一个管制流控决定时，什么因素将被考虑？
The control traffic flow time not so long and the distance not so large otherwise cause many flights delay much time;the important flights are not restriction.
15. After a long delay on the ground because of flow control, pilots are likely to be anxious, how do you deal with their complaints and quarrels on your frequency?
由于流控在地面被延误很长时间后，机长很焦急，你如何在你的波道里化解他们的抱怨和争吵？
I should keep my head and not quarrel with pilots on my frequency, I should tell pilots the flow control reason,flow control information , waiting sequence and estimated departure time.
OPI 3
1. Do you often communicate with foreign pilots in English? If yes, do you have any problems in radiotelephony communication?
你经常与外国飞行员用英语通讯吗？如果是的，你在用无线电通讯中有什么问题吗？
Yes, I often use English in my work. If they speak so fast and I am not full understand what they say.
2. Do you think it is necessary to speak English in radiotelephony communication with Chinese pilots? Why?
你认为与中国飞行员在无线电通讯中讲英语是必须的吗？为什么？
No, I don`t think it is necessary. Because it may cause misunderstand.
3.Do you think speaking English may cause more communication misunderstanding? Why?
你认为讲英语可能引起更多的通讯误会吗？
Yes, I think so. Because English is not our mother tongue.
Now, let’s talk something about runway incursions.
4. The runway is a critical area for flight safety; do you know anything about runway incursions?
对于飞行安全，跑道是一个关键区域，你知道任何关于跑道入侵的事情吗？
The aircraft and vehicle enter the runway are not clearance by controllers;the aircraft or vehicle cross the wait position of runway;the aircraft or vehicle cross yhe landing or departure aircraft.
5. What could cause a runway incursion? 什么能够引起跑道入侵？
The pilot and driver are not listen the controllers instruction;radio communication;forget the aircraft,vehicle or person on the runway;working condition.
6. What consequences may a runway incursion bring? 跑道入侵可能带来什么样的后果？
Runway incursion may cause the aircraft collision with other departure or landing aircraft and vehicle on the runway;may cause the runway confusion and increase the controller working and pressure.
7. When the runway is unlawfully occupied, what should a tower controller do?
当跑道被非法占用的时候，作为一名塔台管制员应该做些什么？
The tower controller should order the unlaw aircraft or vehicle immediately vacate the runway and control the landing aircraft wait until the runway is normal.
8. In order to prevent a runway incursion from happening, what special rules or regulations should you follow?
为了防止跑道入侵的发生，你必须遵循什么特殊的规则和管理？
I should watching the aircraft or vehicle moving situation on runway all time;I should use the standard taxi way to avoid pilot or driver bring confusion;I should use the standard radio communication.
9.Have you ever heard of or encountered a runway incursion? Please tell the story. And what did you learn from the incident?
你曾经听过或遇到过跑道入侵吗？请告诉我这个故事，从这次事故中你能学到什么？
Yes,I have heared.An aircraft enter the runway not follow the controllers instruction and cause the departure aircraft immediately emergency brake and turn avoid this aircraft.From this incident I learn that I should watching the aircraft or vehicle moving situation on runway all time.
The following questions are about fuel dumping
10. Have you ever controlled an aircraft dumping fuel?
你曾经指挥过飞机放油吗？
Yes,I have.An aircraft fly into my area report the NO2 engine failure and request return to Beijing airport but first must dumping the redundant fuel due to landing weight.
11. Under what conditions does an aircraft need to dump fuel?
在什么条件下，飞机需要放油？
The aircraft departure a short of time and the pilot decdide to return to land due to abnormal situation.But the aircraft need dumping redundant fuel due to landinig weight.
12. Could you please describe the fuel dumping procedures in your airspace?
请你描述在你的空域中飞机放油的过程？
In my airspace we should control the aircraft dumping fuel in the fuel dumping area,advise pilot route,alitiude and weather information about the fuel dumping area and control other aircraft avoid this aircraft.
13. What information should an air traffic controller relay to other aircraft flight crews before fuel dumping begins?
在放油开始之前，一名管制员应该提供什么信息给其他的飞行机组？
Before fuel dumping begings we should advise other aircraft thefuel duming aircraft ＇s altitude ,fuel dumping area and estimate dumping fuel begin and over time.
14. How would fuel dumping affect other aircraft near the fuel dumping area?
飞机放油是怎么样影响放油区的其他飞行器的？
The fuel dumping would affect other pilots sight and influence flight safe and other aircraft near the fuel dumping area should change heading and altitude to avoid this aircraft.
15. What help can controllers provide to a flight crew when they need to dump fuel?
管制员能提供给机组什么帮助，当他们需要放油的时候？
The controllers should provide to the pilot fly heading to the fuel dumping area ,altitude and weather information about the fuel dumping area .
OPI 4
1. How long have you been working as an air traffic controller?
作为一名空中交通管制员，你已经工作多久了？
I have working as an air traffic controller about fourteen years, I am a Tower controller with this unit.
2. What is your working position? 你的工作岗位是什么？
I am a instructor and I help the new controller progress.
3.Do you enjoy your job at present? Why?
目前你喜欢你的工作吗？为什么？
Yes, I enjoy my job, Because I like aircraft from my childhood.
Now, let’s talk something about bomb threats.
4. Have you ever controlled an aircraft experiencing a bomb threat? If not, do you know a story about this?
你曾经指挥过一架飞机经历炸弹威胁吗？如果没有，你知道关于这方面的故事？
No, I have not controlled. But I heared the bomb threat say they have received an anonymous call saying there is a bomb on board and requiring your aircraft to procedure to HongKong airport.
5. Have you ever received any bomb threat training in a simulator?
你在模拟机上曾经接受过一些关于炸弹威胁的训练吗？
Yes,I have received the bomb threat training in a simulator.
6. In your opinion, what are some important pieces of information you should gather when a bomb threat occurs?
在你的意识里，当炸弹威胁发生时，你最应该收集的重要信息是什么？
I should know how many people on board,explosion information, pilot＇s intention and control other aircraft avoid,provide the nearest airport information to the pilot.
7. If you receive an anonymous call saying there is a hand bomb on board, what procedures should you follow to handle the situation?
如果你收到一个匿名电话说，有炸弹在飞机上，你应该用什么程序来掌控这一事件？
I should according to the bomb threat procedure deal with this situation .I should advise the pilot bomb on board,know the pilot intention,control other aircraft avoid , adivse police,ambulance and fire engine.
8. If the flight with the bomb threat is going to divert to your airport, how would you handle it?
如果有炸弹威胁的飞机将要备降到你的机场，你应怎么样应对？
I should control other flights aovid this aircraft and advise the police, ambulance, fire engine and control this flight stay far from other aircraft after landing.
9.When bomb threat occurs, what help can you give the flight crew to assist them through the emergency?
当炸弹威胁发生时，有哪些帮助是你能给机组提供的，协助他们渡过危险？
I should satisfy the flight crew＇s request do my best and according to the pilot intention avoid other aircraft avoid and priovde the nearest airport to the pilot.
The following questions are about fire on board.
10. Which one do you think is more dangerous, a bomb threat or a fire on board? Why?
你认为炸弹威胁和机身起火那个更危险？为什么？
I think fire on board is dangerous. Because if the fire not under control,it may cause passengers are burned or suffocate due to dense smoke spread all over the cabin even cause aircraft explode on air.
11. What may cause a fire on board?能导致机身起火的原因都有什么？
I think passenger smoke in the toilet,the electrical wire fire and engine fire may cause a fire on board.
12. If a pilot reports passengers were injured, how would it affect your control operation?
如果飞行员报告乘客受伤了，它能影响到你的管制指挥吗？
Yes,it affect my control operation.I should control this flight priority landing and call ambulance,I should control other flight give way to this flight.
13. Are there any standard procedures for controllers to follow for fire on board? If yes, please explain.
管制员对于机身起火有什么标准程序吗？如果有，请解释。
Yes,we have standard procedure for fire on board.When fire on board , we should know which position on fire,pilot intention ,control other aircraft avoid,priority land and call fire engine ,ambulance.
14. If the aircraft with a fire on board lands at your airport and executes emergency evacuation on the runway in use, what can you do to help the subsequent flights?
如果机身起火的飞机要在你的机场落地，在可用的跑道上执行应急操作，你能怎样做来帮助它的后续飞行？
I should advise to the subsequent flights this information and according to the pilot intention control these flights return, alternative or wait until the execute emergency evacuation over.
15. How do you cooperate with other control units when fire on board happens?
当机身起火发生时，你如何与其他管制单位协作？
I should advise to other control untis this information, fire position,the pilot intention and request.
OPI 5
1. When and where did you graduate from the university?
你什么时候从哪所学校毕业的？
I graduated from LiaoNing university at 1999, my major is computer science.
2. Do you think the knowledge you’ve learned in the university helped you a lot in your work? Why or why not?
你认为你在大学里所学的知识对你的工作有很大帮助吗？为什么？
Yes, I think do. Because we learned the basic knowledge by ATC in the university and it is very important.
3.What suggestions will you give the student controllers who are at the university?
你给在大学学习管制的学生们什么建议？
If you finish school later, want to become a good controllers, they need to learn the basic knowledge, English and specialized training
Now, let’s discuss air miss or near miss.
4. Could you please describe an event of air miss or near miss?
请你描述一次空中危险接近事件？
An air force aircraft near the same altitude passenger aircraft low the minimum safey separation and cause the passenger aircraft change level and heading to avoid.
5. Why is air miss or near miss dangerous?
为什么危险接近危险？
An airmiss may cause this two aircrafts separation low the minimum safety separation and cause aircraft TCAS alert or collision with other aircraft on air .
6. What may cause air miss or near miss?
引起空中危险接近的原因是什么？
Controller instruction mistake,pilot operation mistake,unknown traffic approach the aircraft,instrument problem cause emergency descend and other reasons.
7. What is the separation minima for radar control or procedure control in your control area?
在你的管制空域中，雷达管制和程序管制的最小间隔是什么？
Radar control : the same level 40 kilometers ,same direction cross 15 kilometers,opposite direction cross 40 kilometres. Procedure control is 10 minutes.
8. When you discover the risk of air miss between two aircraft, what should you do immediately to avoid near miss?
当你发现两架飞机有小于间隔的危险时，你怎样立即避免空中危险接近？
I should immediately control the two aircrafts change heading, change altitude, make orbit or other method to again established the minimum safe separation to avoid near miss.
9.What are your procedures when the separation minima seem to be exceeded?
当最小间隔看起来要被超越时，你的标准程序是什么？
I should immediately control the two aircrafts change heading, change level or other method to satisfied the minimum separation.
Now let’s talk something about hijacking.
10. Have you ever received any simulator training about hijacking? Do you think it is necessary for controllers to receive such training?
你曾经经过任何有关于劫机的模拟训练吗？你认为接受这种训练对于管制员是有必要的吗？
Yes, I have received. Yes, I think it is necessary.Because we are not often encounter the hijack,receive the hijacking training on simulator make sure we know the standard procedure for hijacking when we encounter the hijacking.
11. When a hijacking occurs, what information should the controllers need to know?
当劫机发生时，管制员需要知道哪些信息？
The controllers need to know the number of people on board,the terrorist number, intention and weapon information, fuel remaining, pilot intention.
12. If the hijacker wants to divert to other airport, what information should controllers provide to the flight crew?
如果劫机者想改航去其他机场，管制员需要给机组提供什么信息？
The controllers should provide to the pilot fly heading , the divert airport weather information and other information.
13. What help can ATC give to the flight crew in order to control the situation?
为了控制劫机事件，管制员能给机组提供什么帮助？
ATC can control other flight avoid this flight maintain the safe separation with this aircraft ,know the pilot intention ,satisfy the pilot require and give the pilot sufficient time to control the situation.
14. Do you have standard procedures for dealing with a hijacking? If yes, what are they?
你们有处理劫机的标准程序吗？如果有，是什么内容？
Yes,we have the standard procedure. When a hijacking occurs we should know the number of people on board,the terrorist number, intention and weapon information, fuel remaining, pilot intention and report this information to leaders,airforce and other control units and call police,ambulance.
15. What is the most important thing when dealing with a hijacking?
当处理劫机时，什么是最重要的事情？
When dealing with a hijacking I think the passenger and the aircraft safe are the most important thing.
OPI 6
1. Which ATC unit do you work for?
你在哪个管制部门工作？
I am a Tower controller with our unit.
2. How long have you been working in the unit?
你工作已经多长时间了？
I am working in the unit about forteen years.
3.Could you tell us something about your daily work?
你能告诉我们关于你的正常工作的一些事吗？
I daily work is command planes taking off and landing, Ensure the safety of the aircraft
Now, let’s talk something related to ATC equipment.
4. Could you please describe ATC facilities in your unit?
请你描绘下你工作单位的管制设备？
In my control unit have two radar system include Raytheon and Alenia, very high frequency system,weather radar, the computer receive and send message.
5. What roles do ATC facilities play in your routine job?
在你的日常工作中，管制设备起什么作用？
In my routine job the ATC facikities are very important ,Radar is like our eye and the very high frequency is like our ear and mouth.
6. Suppose one day your radar fails suddenly, what will you do to continue ATC services under this situation?
假设某一天，你的雷达突然死机，在这种情况下，你如何继续你的管制指挥？
If the radar suddenly fails I should immediately advise the flights radar failure andresume the non-radar control and use the procedure control separation,coordinate with other control units wait the flights in their area and advise radar unit to maintain.
7. How do you control aircraft without the help of radar?
没有雷达的帮助，你怎样指挥飞机？
Without the help of radar I should use the procedure separation control aircraft.It need pilot report each point time and the pilot must report to controller when passing the point and level is maintain.
8. As a qualified controller, do you think it is important to know procedure control in case of radar failure?
作为一名合格的管制员，在雷达失效的情况下，你认为最重要的是知晓程序吗？
Yes,I think it is very important.Because know the procedure control can make keep calm and successfully from radar control change to procedure and maintain safety procedure separation.
9.Do you think procedure control is more reliable than radar control? Why?
你认为程序管制是比雷达管制可靠吗？为什么？
No,I do not think.Because the procedure control is not contact aircraft,it mostly depend on pilot report and controller calculate but the human mistake is more frequently than radar.
The following questions are about traffic delays.
10. Do traffic delays often occur in your work? What would result when delays occur?
在你工作中，航班延误经常发生吗？当延误发生时，会有什么结果？
Not often delays now.Delays occur would cause passengers wait longer time than mormal and easy anxious,cause pilots working overtime and cause flight later than normal.
11. What are the reasons for traffic delays according to your own understanding?
就你自己的理解，航班延误的依据是什么？
In my own understanding I think the number of flight increase fast , the route are unreasonable,airforce traffic frequently and the route or airport weather are the most reasons for traffic delays.
12. No pilot likes delays, what do you think are some effective ways to make pilots cooperate?
没有机组喜欢延误，你认为哪些有效的办法能使机组配合？
I should keep my head and not quarrel with pilots on my frequency, I should tell pilots the flow control reason,flow control information , waiting sequence and estimated departure time.
13. When a pilot cannot accept delays due to performance or other reasons, how cancontrollers help them?
当某个飞行员不能接受延误，由于性能或其他原因，如何能在管制中帮助他们？
Controllers should coordination with the next unit whether not delays for this flight,if not approved I should immediately advise to the pilot the reason and request the pilot intention.
14. Holding is one of the solutions to solve delays. So what information do you need to know before you decide to give a holding instruction?
等待是一种解决延误的方案，因此，在你决定给出一个等待指令前，你需要知道哪些信息？
I need to know expect holding time and fuel remaining on board and make left or right orbit to lose time.
15. If you will issue a holding instruction to a flight, what basic elements do you think should usually be stated in the holding instruction?
如果你将发布一个等待指令给机组，你认为在等待指令中通常被规定的基本要素是什么？
I think holding position and altitude, make left or right orbit, expect holding time usually be stated in the holding instruction.
爱维译科技
成都爱维译科技有限公司(Aviation Vocation Intelligence Engineering Technology Corp.)，作为一家有使命、有愿景的中国科研型企业和高新技术企业，专注于全球民航领域智慧系统的研发。爱维译公司定位于成为民航智慧系统研究中心，从三个层次为民航提供“解决方案+自主系统产品+专业技术服务”：民航智慧系统的研究和试验发展中心、民航智慧系统的规划和设计总体单位、民航智慧系统的工程和技术应用平台。
爱维译公司（AVIE）面向民航行政主管部门、管制单位、民航科研院（所）和高校、民用航空器研制单位、民用航空器使用和维修单位、机场建设和管理单位、航油保障单位提供民航智慧系统的产业布局、科学研究、总体设计及方案实施。 我想问一下 OPI是什么意思啊 英文全称是什么啊 OPI：口语能力面试，Oral Proficiency Interview
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