进场航空器的进近管制服务
进场航空器的管制指挥安排航空器的进近顺序,及时处理进场或进/离场飞行冲突,为进场航空器提供进近管制服务,并核查航空器的使用跑道。
使用标准通话用语向航空器发布管制指令,首次与进场航空器建立通信联络后,向航空器发布进近方式、使用跑道、当前ATIS通播。
向航空器发布符合最低安全高度、最低雷达引导高度及进场程序的下降指令。
向航空器发布指令后,依照运行程序对雷达系统的相关信息进行更新操作。
能见度符合目视飞行标准时,进近管制指挥岗位可以允许航空器目视进近,并通报塔台管制指挥岗位。
预计做目视进近的航空器报告看到机场或看到前面的航空器时,指令该航空器做目视进近或跟随先行航空器飞行进行目视进近。
监视航空器的飞行动态,监听机组对指令的复诵,监控航空器执行管制指令情况。
进近管制指挥岗位引导航空器穿越最后进近航道(跑道延长线)时,应提前通知机组并说明原因。
及时向机组通报和更新气象信息。
使用雷达管制最小间隔时,应向航空器进行活动通报。
进近管制指挥岗位应及时向区域内航空器通报复杂天气情况。
当证实航空器建立进近航道,并且与其他航空器没有飞行冲突,且符合与塔台岗位移交规定,指令航空器转换频率,联系有关机场塔台。
进场航空器的的标准通话术语
1.“(呼号),上海进近,雷达已识别,按照(标准进港程序)进港,预计盲降/NDB/目视进近,(号码)跑道,修正海压(数值)。”
“(Callsign), Shanghai approach, radar contact, via (STAR),expected ILS/NDB/visual approach, runway (number), QNH(number).”
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例:UPS6927, Shanghai approach, radar contact, via SASAN14A,expected ILS approach, runway 17, QNH 1015.
```
2.“(呼号),上海进近,雷达已识别,航向(三位数)/直飞(某点),雷达引导到五边,预计盲降/NDB/能见进近,(号码)跑道,修正海压(数值)。”
“(Callsign), Shanghai approach, radar contact, flying heading (three digits)/direct to (signification point), radar vector for final, expected ILS/NDB/visual approach, runway (number), QNH (number).”
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例:CES516, Shanghai approach, radar contact, flying heading 230, radar vector for final, expected ILS approach, runway 35, QNH 1014.
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3.“(呼号),取消(标准进港程序)进港,右转/左转,航向(三位数)/直飞(某点),雷达引导到五边。”
“(Callsign), cancel (STAR), turn right/left heading (three digits)/direct to (signification point), radar vector for final.”
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例:DLH728, cancel SASAN14A, turn left heading 015, radar vector for final.
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4.“(呼号),下降到[标准气压/修正海压](高度)保持,[有活动]”
“(Callsign),descend and maintain(level) ,.”
*首次穿越过渡高度层时,必须指明 on QNH.
例:CES7557, descend and maintain 3000m on QNH1002, due to traffic.
5.“(呼号),立即右/左转(数值)度/航向(三位数),避让(数值)点方位,
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[(距离),]活动。” ---(紧急情况时使用)
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“(Callsign),turn right /left immediately (number)degrees/ heading
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(three digits), avoid traffic (number) o’clock,[(distance)].”
例:HDA895,turn right immediately 30 degrees, avoid traffic 12 o’clock.
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6.“(呼号),报告航向。”
“(Callsign),report heading.”
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例:AMU107, report heading.
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7.“(呼号),保持航向。”
“(Callsign),continue heading.”
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例:CYZ352, continue heading.
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8.“(呼号),报告下降率。”
“(Callsign),report rate of descent.”
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例:CES5044, report rate of descent.
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9.“(呼号),加大下降率,尽快通过(高度),有活动。”
“(Callsign),increase rate of descent until passing(level),due to traffic.”
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例:CSH108, increase rate of descent until passing 1500m,due to traffic.
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10.“(呼号),立即/紧急/迅速下降,有活动。” ---(紧急情况时使用)
“(Callsign),immediately/emergency/expedite descend, due to traffic.”
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例:CCA1501, immediately descend, due to traffic.
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11.“(呼号),(测距仪名称)DME(距离)报告。”
“(Callsign),report(distance) from/to (name of DME station)DME.”
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例:CCA1501, report 40NM from SHA DME.
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12.“(呼号),报告速度。”
“(Callsign),report speed.”
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例:CYZ352, report speed.
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13.“(呼号),保持(数值)海里/ 公里每小时,[到(某点)]。”
“(Callsign),maintain (number)konts/ kilometers per hour, [until
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(signification point)] .”
例:CSH103, maintain 250konts, until POMOK.
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14.“(呼号),保持现在速度。”
“(Callsign),maintain present speed.”
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例:HDA801, maintain present speed.
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15.“(呼号),减速到(数值)海里/ 公里每小时。”
“(Callsign),reduce speed (number)konts/ kilometers per hour.”
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例:SIA815, reduce speed 230 konts.
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16.“(呼号),恢复正常速度。”
“(Callsign),resume normal speed.”
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例:SIA815, resume normal speed.
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17.“(呼号),减小到最小进近速度。”
“(Callsign),reduce to minimum approach speed.”
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例:SIA815, reduce to minimum approach speed.
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18.“(呼号),无速度限制。”
“(Callsign),no speed restrictions.”
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例:HDA803, no speed restrictions.
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19.“(呼号),右转/左转盘旋(数值)圈,有活动/调整间隔。”
“(Callsign),make orbit right/left,due traffic /spacing.”
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例:JAL791, make 2 orbit left,due spacing.
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20.“(呼号),在(导航台名称),[按公布的等待程序]等待,高度(高度),[预
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计下一指令在(时间),现在时间(时间)]。”
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“(Callsign),hold at (name of facility),[ as published], maintain
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(level), .”
例:UAL858, hold at HSH, as published, maintain 2100m, expect further clearance at 0820,time now 0800.
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21.“(呼号),在(导航台名称),(方向)等待,高度(高度),向台航迹(三
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位数)度,出航时间(数值)分钟,右/左航线,[预计下一指令在(时间),
现在时间(时间)]。”
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“(Callsign),hold at (direction) of (name of facility), maintain
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(level), inbound track(three digits)degrees, outbound time (number)
minutes, right/left pattern, [expect further clearance at
(time) ,time now(time)].”
例:CES5052, hold at south of HSH, maintain 2400m, inbound track 250degrees, outbound time 1 minutes, left pattern, expect further clearance at 0605,time now 0550.
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22.“(呼号),在(名称)VOR,(三位数)径向线,DME(距离)处等待/DME(距
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离)和(距离)之间等待,高度(高度),向台航迹(三位数),右/左航
线,[预计下一指令在(时间),现在时间(时间)]。”
```
“(Callsign),hold on the (three digits) radial of the (name) VOR, at
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(distance) DME/ between (distance) and (distance) DME, maintain
(level),inbound track (three digits), right/left pattern, [expect
further clearance at(time),time now(time).]”
例:KAL876, hold on the 090 radial of the HSH VOR, at 15NM DME, maintain 1500m, inbound track 090, right pattern, expect further clearance at 0700,time now 0645.
```
23.“(呼号),预计进近时间(时间)。”
“(Callsign),expected approach time (time) .”
例:HDA891, expected approach time 0530.
24.“(呼号),修改的预计进近时间为(时间)。”
“(Callsign),revised expected approach time (time) .”
例:HDA891, revised expected approach time 0600.
25.“(呼号),延误时间不定(原因)。”
“(Callsign),delay not determinded(reasons) .”
例:CES502, delay not determinded.
26.“(呼号),你熟悉(名称)进近程序吗?”
“(Callsign),are you familiar with (name) approach?”
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例:AFL528, are you familiar with SASAN14A approach?
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27.“(呼号),加入(起落航线的位置),(号码)跑道。”
“(Callsign),join (position in circuit),runway (number).”
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例:CSH102, join downwind, runway 36.
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28.“(呼号),直接进近,(号码)跑道。”
“(Callsign),straight-in approach, runway (number).”
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例:CES5502, straight-in approach, runway 36.
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29.“(呼号),可以盲降/NDB/能见进近,(号码)跑道。”
“(Callsign),cleared for ILS/NDB/visual approach, runway(number).”
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例:CSH308, cleared for ILS approach, runway 35.
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30.“(呼号),不能做盲降/NDB/能见进近,[原因],[备份指令]。”
“(Callsign), ILS/NDB/visual approach not available,,.”
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例:CSH308, visual approach not available.
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31.“(呼号),看到跑道[灯]报告。”
“(Callsign),report runway in sight.”
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例:AMU101, report runway lights in sight.
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32.“(呼号),延长三边,由于间隔。”
“(Callsign),extend downwind, for spacing.”
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例:CCA4541, extend downwind, for spacing.
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33.“(呼号),预计雷达引导穿过航向道,由于间隔。”
“(Callsign),expect vector across localizer course, for spacing.”
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例:CES4541, expect vector across localizer course, for spacing.
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34.“(呼号),建立盲降/航向道/下滑道报告。”
“(Callsign),report established on ILS/ localizer/ glide path.”
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例:CES4561, report established on ILS.
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35.“(呼号),终止进近,[原因],[相应指令]。”
“(Callsign),stop approach,,.”
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例:CSN3523, stop approach.
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36.“(呼号),可以继续进近,(号码)跑道。”
“(Callsign), continue approach,rwy(nunmber)”
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例:CSN3523, continue approach,rwy36R.
```
37.“(呼号),联系(名称)塔台(频率),再见。”
“(Callsign),contact (name) tower (frequency),goodbye."
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