A320与A330的差异之ATA22

CUA-4109

A320与A330的差异之ATA22

A320 and A330 Differences of ATA22

1. FMGC vs FMGEC

A320 AFS



A320 FMGCs & FACs location



A330 AFS



A330 FMGECs & RESET switches

    在A320中，自动飞行系统(AFS)为飞行员提供了减少工作量、提高飞行安全性和规律性的功能。AFS的设计围绕: 2个飞行管理和制导计算机；2个飞行增稳计算机；2个多用途控制和显示单元（MCDUs）; 1个飞行控制单元（FCU）。而A330的自动飞行系统除了MCDU 和 FCU，还包含了2个飞行管理制导和包络计算机，没有了FAC。

   IN A320，The Automatic Flight System (AFS) gives pilots functions that reduce their workload and improve safety and regularity of the flight. The AFS is designed around: 2 Flight Management and Guidance Computers (FMGCs); 2 Flight Augmentation Computers (FACs); 2 Multipurpose Control and Display Units (MCDUs); 1 Flight Control Unit (FCU). The A330's Automatic Flight System, in addition to the MCDU and FCU, also contains two flight management guidance and envelope computers, without the FAC.

  每个FMGC由两部分组成:飞行管理(FM)部分和飞行制导(FG)部分。FM部分给出了飞行计划的定义、修改和监控等功能，FG部分给出了飞机控制的相关功能。而FMGEC 则多了飞行包络(FE)功能。

   Each FMGC is made of two parts: the Flight Management (FM) part and the Flight Guidance (FG) part.   The FM part gives the functions related to flight plan definition, revision and monitoring and the FG part gives the functions related to the aircraft control. But the FMGEC has a flight envelope (FE) function.



A330 FE functions

  A330的FE功能获取和监控飞行包线保护、飞行管理和飞行制导使用的参数。例如:ADIRS数据、导航数据、燃油数据、飞控数据、FCU数据……飞行包线保护功能包括速度包线、飞行阶段整合和飞机配置。

   The A330 of FE function acquires and monitors parameters used by the Flight Envelope protection, the Flight Management and the Flight Guidance. For example: ADIRS data, navigation data, fuel data, flight control data, FCU data, ...  Speed envelope, consolidation of flight phases and aircraft configuration are Flight Envelope protection functions.

  FE部分计算AFS和飞行仪表的一些特征速度(Vmin, VLS, S, F, Green dot, Vctrend, VMAX)。FE部分监控和整合飞行阶段，齿轮位置，襟翼和缝翼设置，襟翼和板条干扰，发动机状态。

  The FE part computes for AFS and flight instruments some characteristic speeds (Vmin, VLS, S, F, Green dot, Vctrend, VMAX). The FE part monitors and consolidates the flight phases, the gear position, the flaps and slats setting, the flaps and slats jamming, the engine status.

  备用重量、备用重心和 alphafloor监控是FE功能。重量和重心通常由FE部分计算，只有在两台燃油控制监控计算机都丢失的情况下才使用它们。

  Back−up weight, back−up center of gravity and alphafloor monitoring are FE functions.  Weight and center of gravity are always computed by the FE part which only uses them in case of both Fuel Control Monitoring Computers loss.

FE部分从FCPC (a是攻角， a floor是一个门槛角，当a > a floor，alpha floor保护被激活，这意味着推力是最大的)。风切变和后重心检测是飞行包线保护功能。

  The FE part acquires the alphafloor signal from the FCPCs ( a is the angle−of−attack, a floor is a threshold angle, when a >  a floor, the alpha floor protection is activated, that means the engine thrust is maximal). Windshear and aft center of gravity detections are Flight Envelope protection functions.

  FE部分计算了PFD上的可视风切变预警信号和驾驶舱扬声器的音频预警信号。FE部分监视后CG限制，并在过调的情况下触发警告。

The FE part computes a signal for visual windshear warning on PFD and audio warning by cockpit loudspeakers. The FE part monitors the aft CG limits and triggers a warning in case of overshoot.



A320 FAC functions

而A320的FAC基本功能则有: 偏航阻尼；方向舵配平；方向舵行程限制；飞行包线保护；故障隔离与检测系统（FIDS）。其中FE的部分包括 Alpha-floor和风切变保护；擦尾保护；防止超出跑道系统（ROPS）。



A320 Alpha-floor and windshear protection



A320 Tail strike protection



A320 Runway Overrun prevention system(ROPS)

The basic FAC functions of the A320 are Yaw damper; Rudder trim; Rudder travel limitation; Flight envelope protection; Fault Isolation and Dectection System (FIDS). The FE part includes: Alpha-floor and windshear protection; Tail strike protection; Runway Overrun prevention system(ROPS).

2. FM SOURCE SELECTOR(A330)



   FM选择器位于基座开关面板上。手动操作的选择器称为“FM源”有3个位置:NORM, BOTH ON 1, BOTH ON 2。NORM位置:MCDU1使用FM1, MCDU2使用FM2。BOTH ON 1(2)位置:MCDU1和MCDU2使用相同的FM1(2)源。

  The FM source selector is located on the pedestal switching panel. The manually operated selector called "FM source" has 3 positions : NORM, BOTH ON 1, BOTH ON 2. NORM position : MCDU1 works with FM1, MCDU2 works with FM2.  BOTH ON 1 (2) position : MCDU1 and MCDU2 work with the same FM1 (2) source.

3.NORTH REFERENCE SWITCH(A330)



  北方向参考开关位于主仪表板上，靠近机长导航显示器。这个手动开关用于磁/真航向参考选择。当到达N82°(或S60°)时，MCDU和EFIS信息建议机组人员选择TRUE REF。如果飞行员忘记切换参考，则AP断开连接。



Polar Region

  The North reference switch is located on the main instrument panel, near the Captain Navigation Display. This manual switch is used for the MAGNETIC/TRUE heading reference selection. When reaching N82° (or S60°), MCDU and EFIS messages advise the crew to select the TRUE reference.   If the pilot forgets to switch the reference, the AP disconnects.

4.RESETS(A330)

飞行管理制导和包线计算机，以及飞行控制单元可以从驾驶舱复位。飞行控制单元复位命令位于头顶面板上。飞行管理制导和包络线计算机重置命令使整个飞行管理、飞行制导和飞行包络线功能的全局重置和上电测试成为可能。“Flight Management”复位命令仅与“Flight Management”功能相关。多用途控制和显示单元复位是通过切换MCDU键盘上的明亮旋钮来手动控制的。注:跳开关位于电子舱内。

   The Flight Management Guidance and Envelope Computers, and Flight Control Unit resets are possible from the cockpit. The Flight Control Unit reset commands are located on the overhead panel.The Flight Management Guidance and Envelope Computer reset commands enable global reset of the whole Flight Management, Flight Guidance and Flight Envelope functions, and a power up test.   The Flight Management reset commands are only related to the Flight Management function. The Multipurpose Control and Display Units resets are manually controlled by switching the bright knob OFF on the MCDU keyboard. Note: The circuit breakers are located in the electronics bay.